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Category 04 · Oven-Controlled XO

The most stable clock money can buy.

An OCXO holds its quartz crystal at a constant 75 °C inside a tiny temperature-controlled oven. The result: stability of a few parts per billion — three orders of magnitude better than a TCXO, the reference clock for 5G fronthaul, Stratum networks and atomic-clock holdover.

FIG.04 · OCXO Cross-Section Oven @ 75 °C
Stability Ladder

1000× more stable than a standard TCXO.

The stability scale spans seven orders of magnitude — from parts-per-thousand of a crystal blank to parts-per-trillion of a caesium reference. OCXOs sit firmly in the parts-per-billion zone, where 5G and atomic-clock holdover designs need to be.

XO±50 ppm
VCXO±20 ppm
TCXO±0.5 ppm
OCXO±5 ppb
Cs Ref±0.001 ppb
10⁻⁹ / STABILITY
Parts per billion territory
1000× / BETTER
Than a standard TCXO
1 sec / 6 YRS
Free-run drift at ±5 ppb
Key Specifications

What an OCXO buys you. And what it costs.

±5 PPB
Frequency Stability

Best-grade OCXOs achieve ±5 ppb over −40 to +85 °C. Stratum 3 / Stratum 3E network synchronisation class.

−150 dBc/Hz
Phase Noise @ 10 kHz

Femtosecond-grade phase noise for radar, 5G fronthaul, and instrumentation. Far cleaner than TCXOs.

3 – 10 MIN
Warm-Up Time

The oven needs a few minutes to reach 75 °C. Plan for warm-up in equipment power-up sequences.

1 – 2 W
Steady-State Power

The oven draws ~1.5 W continuously. Plan thermals — not for battery designs, ideal for AC-powered infrastructure.

Pros & Cons

OCXOs aren't for everyone. Here's the honest trade-off.

An OCXO is the right answer when nothing less than ppb-class stability will do. For most embedded designs, a good TCXO is the better choice — smaller, cheaper, lower power, no warm-up. Use this table to decide.

+ Strengths

When to choose an OCXO

  • Stratum-class telecom synchronisation (5G fronthaul, IEEE 1588 PTP grandmasters)
  • Atomic-clock holdover during GPS outage (free-run accuracy of days, not hours)
  • Radar and electronic warfare — phase noise far below TCXO
  • Metrology, calibration labs, frequency standards
  • Optical transport networks (OTN), aviation, defence
− Limitations

When a TCXO is better

  • Battery-powered designs — OCXO power consumption is 1000× higher
  • Tight board space — OCXOs are 9 × 14 mm and up, vs 2 × 2.5 mm TCXOs
  • Cost-sensitive volume designs — OCXOs are 10× to 50× more expensive
  • Instant-on requirements — TCXO is stable in seconds, OCXO needs minutes
  • Most consumer and IoT applications — overkill
Applications

Where OCXOs earn their watts. Infrastructure-class timing.

5G Fronthaul

Stratum-3E reference clocks for 5G base stations and small-cell radio units. ±5 ppb meets ITU-T G.8273.2 holdover specs.

GNSS Holdover

Maintains time within microseconds during GPS signal loss. Critical for power-grid synchrophasors and financial trading networks.

Radar & EW

Coherent radar systems and electronic warfare receivers need ultra-low phase noise. OCXO delivers −150 dBc/Hz.

Metrology

Frequency counters, signal generators, calibration references. Where measurement uncertainty must be in the parts-per-billion.

OCXO Sourcing

Need an OCXO? Let's discuss the spec.

OCXOs are project-specific. Send us your stability requirement, holdover target, supply voltage and form factor — we'll respond within one business day with the right options and a sample plan.

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